20 Unique Facts About Death

-The practice of burying the dead may date back 350,000 years, as evidenced by a 45-foot-deep pit in Atapuerca, Spain, filled with the fossils of 27 hominids of the species Homo heidelbergensis, a possible ancestor of Neanderthals and modern humans

-Never say die: There are at least 200 euphemisms for death, including "to be in Abraham's bosom," "just add maggots," and "sleep with the Tribbles" (a Star Trek favorite).

-No American has died of old age since 1951.

-That was the year the government eliminated that classification on death certificates.

-The trigger of death, in all cases, is lack of oxygen. Its decline may prompt muscle spasms, or the "agonal phase," from the Greek word agon, or contest.

-Within three days of death, the enzymes that once digested your dinner begin to eat you. Ruptured cells become food for living bacteria in the gut, which release enough noxious gas to bloat the body and force the eyes to bulge outward.

-So much for recycling: Burials in America deposit 827,060 gallons of embalming fluid—formaldehyde, methanol, and ethanol—into the soil each year. Cremation pumps dioxins, hydrochloric acid, sulfur dioxide, and carbon dioxide into the air.

-Alternatively . . . A Swedish company, Promessa, will freeze-dry your body in liquid nitrogen, pulverize it with high-frequency vibrations, and seal the resulting powder in a cornstarch coffin. They claim this "ecological burial" will decompose in 6 to 12 months.

-Zoroastrians in India leave out the bodies of the dead to be consumed by vultures.

-The vultures are now dying off after eating cattle carcasses dosed with diclofenac, an anti-inflammatory used to relieve fever in livestock.

-Queen Victoria insisted on being buried with the bathrobe of her long-dead husband, Prince Albert, and a plaster cast of his hand.

-If this doesn't work, we're trying in vitro! In Madagascar, families dig up the bones of dead relatives and parade them around the village in a ceremony called famadihana. The remains are then wrapped in a new shroud and reburied. The old shroud is given to a newly married, childless couple to cover the connubial bed.

-During a railway expansion in Egypt in the 19th century, construction companies unearthed so many mummies that they used them as fuel for locomotives.

-Well, yeah, there's a slight chance this could backfire: English philosopher Francis Bacon, a founder of the scientific method, died in 1626 of pneumonia after stuffing a chicken with snow to see if cold would preserve it.

-For organs to form during embryonic development, some cells must commit suicide. Without such programmed cell death, we would all be born with webbed feet, like ducks.

-Waiting to exhale: In 1907 a Massachusetts doctor conducted an experiment with a specially designed deathbed and reported that the human body lost 21 grams upon dying. This has been widely held as fact ever since. It's not.

-Buried alive: In 19th-century Europe there was so much anecdotal evidence that living people were mistakenly declared dead that cadavers were laid out in "hospitals for the dead" while attendants awaited signs of putrefaction.

-Eighty percent of people in the United States die in a hospital.

-If you can't make it here . . . More people commit suicide in New York City than are murdered.

-It is estimated that 100 billion people have died since humans began.

Irish Moss

Quick fill for walkways. Low-growing Irish Moss is ideal for filling in crevices between bricks or stepping-stones. Tiny leaves form dainty, densely matted, mosslike clumps, 10 cm high, that spread quickly, take foot traffic and seldom need clipping. Best of all, it stays green all year long, accented with delicate white flowers blooming from mid spring to early summer. Space 25-30 cm apart.
Sagina subulata

CompostThermometer

This 50 cm thermometer measures temperatures up to 104° - perfect for checking the temperature in the core of your compost, and soil temperatures too. Made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel.

Climbing Shell Plant

Fast-growing, twining 6-7 m long vine attracts butterflies with fragrant flowers from midsummer into fall. The 5 cm blooms have a unique shell-like shape. Can even be grown in containers.
Vigna caracalla

Egret Flower

Enchanting and distinctive, these heavily-fringed, pearly-white flowers resemble snowy egrets in flight. From mid to late summer, this petite 30-40 cm tall, water-loving plant will intrigue you with delicate blooms that last 3-4 weeks. A creative orchidlike addition to your walkway or patio container. Top-size bulbs. Habenaria radiata

Apricot Princess Rose

Butterflies are drawn to these sweet-smelling 5 cm double blooms that deepen from a vivid apricot to coral as they mature. Glossy, dark green foliage on sturdy stems sets the stage for these robust roses. Enjoy blooms for an extended period from midsummer to frost. Creates a lovely border, ground cover, specimen or container planting. Perfect for both fresh and dried arrangements. Grows just 50-60 cm tall. Space plants 45-60 cm apart. Rosa x 'Apricot Princess'

Harlequin Hydrangea

This 90-150 cm mounding shrub is a stunning bicolour beauty! Dark glossy green leaves surround massive, 15 cm flower heads of deep pink with white edges. Striking as a featured landscape specimen; plant several for a bold informal hedge. Grows under all light conditions—full sun to full shade. Exquisite as a cut flower, too. Shipped in 10 cm pots. Zones 5-9. Hydrangea macrophylla 'Harlequin'

Primrose Lilac

The rare, soft yellow Primrose Lilac is much sought after, yet seldom found. Beautiful springtime blooms in a delicate shade of soft yellow make this lilac truly unique.Improved plants are carefree and vigorous, requiring very little maintenance. Elegant, heart-shaped leaves make the perfect backdrop for the intensely fragrant blossoms. Reaches a height of 2.5-3 m in full sun to partial shade. Shipped in 10 cm pots. Deer tend to avoid. Zones 2-7. Syringa vulgaris 'Primrose'

Jewellery Buying Decisions

Jewellery Buying Decisions

There are many options which face the lives of consumers every day. Luckily buying jewellery is not one of them. Consumers are faced with many different options every time they do come to purchase jewellery and jewellery retailers therefore need to make every effort to make it as easy as possible to help consumers make a choice.

In order to make that choice easier, a jewellery retailer's aim is to make sure their products are extremely reliable and trustworthy, and make sure that nothing ever goes wrong with the jewellery item bought. For a company to say this is very easy and to do this may not cause too many issues either. However, to build up a reputable name and image can take a long time and many companies have to work very hard to do just this. Once a company has built up their reputation to a level that ensures customers are confident to buy from the store, they have the chance to impress that customer with various different products. It is then up to the customer to decide whether or not they like that product.

The final decision of what to buy lies with the consumer. However, there are other factors which will help a customer make a decision too. For instance, a customer will need to know that the jewellery retailer they are buying from has a lot of information about the jewellery products they are selling. The more information a retailer has the more confidence the consumer has during their buying decision and hence the more likely they are to actually purchase the jewellery product. Information can come from a number of sources; staff inside the shop should all be equipped with knowledge and information about the products, brochures catalogues and other point-of-sale materials should also be found easily in the shop to further this information. Other guides such as a diamond jewellery buyer's guide or other buyer's guides can also be very useful.

Of course information has to be provided and that information must come from a reliable and trustworthy source. There is however, more to a customers buying decision than just that. The customers must be able to choose from a vast range of jewellery items. On the one hand, if a customer is presented with too much choice it can make choosing what they want a longer process. However, providing the customer with choice can only be a good thing in the long run. This is because the customer will feel comfortable to know that the company they are buying from has many different jewellery ranges. It will also mean that once they have bought once, they are likely to come back and buy another piece of jewellery.

Punta Sayulita

Mexico's Private Hideaway on the Riviera NayaritA short paddle from the charming village of Sayulita, upon a virgin peninsula of dramatic rock, jungle and pristine shoreline, an exceptional oceanfront sanctuary—Punta Sayulita—is rising. About a half-hour north of Puerto Vallarta, this private enclave of just 62 homes is a refreshing departure from Mexico's spate of sprawling beachside resorts. Quaint, unpretentious and intimate—like Sayulita itself—Punta Sayulita promises to remain as such. And though some will come here for Punta Sayulita's myriad of luxuries—exotic homes, a Beach & Surf Club, walking paths, fitness and spa facilities, concierge services and a Director of Ocean Activities, to name a few—many more will come for the rare chance to become a treasured member of an authentic seaside village steeped in the charms of old Mexico.

Click here to visit their site:

Hamanasi Resort

Nestled between the lush Maya Mountains and the turquoise Caribbean Sea, Hamanasi is a special place from which you can explore the best of Belize on and offshore. A secluded, intimate boutique resort located on the beach south of Hopkins, Hamanasi sits on hundreds of feet of Caribbean Sea beachfront surrounded by tropical flora on the finest stretch of beach in Belize. With a short flight from Atlanta, Charlotte, Dallas, Houston, Miami, New York or San Salvador you may let the warm tropical breezes melt away your hectic life for the laid back pace of Belize!

Your daily adventures will begin and end in the casual elegance of Hamanasi Dive & Adventure Resort. You'll be able to kick back and soak in the ocean air in our Great House or by the pool. If you fancy you may take a swim in the warm Caribbean waters or enjoy a tropical cocktail at the bar. Our friendly staff will greet you with warm smiles and attentive service. Of course, Hamanasi's Adventure Center, housing our dive & snorkel center will service you on premises.

Hamanasi features:

Spacious, comfortable rooms with a casually elegant décor, hardwood furnishings and Central American folk art. 9 intimate, private treehouses raised on stilts are set in our coast forest surrounded by orchids and birds. 2 honeymoon suites and 12 beachfront and beachfront deluxe rooms boast breathtaking ocean views.

King or double queen beds with comfortable mattresses, plush linens, air conditioning, ceiling fans, private porches and colorful Mexican tiled bathrooms in all rooms.

The Great House, reminiscent of a plantation home, which is the heart of all activity. Here you will find the lobby, reception, gift shop, restaurant, bar and wrap-around veranda.

Dining indoors or on the veranda overlooking the Caribbean Sea. Delicious menu rich in fresh seafood, healthy, light dishes and international cuisine with a Caribbean twist. Fresh bread and pastries baked daily. Scrumptious desserts served. Try our fruit salsa or ceviche!

Cozy bar with comfortable furnishings ideal for relaxing. Fine wines, champagne, spirits and fresh tropical drinks available.
Curved, freshwater infinity pool with brick decking. Beach chairs, hammocks and beach towels provided.

Lush gardens bursting with tropical flowers, shrubs, orchids and fruit trees. Enjoy hummingbirds and butterflies playfully darting amongst the explosion of colors.
Swaying palms and soft Caribbean breezes will enliven your Belize honeymoon. Ask for a bottle of fine champagne to accompany your beachside stargazing!
Full service Belize scuba diving and snorkeling center with full line of rental equipment and boats.

Professionally trained guides eager to unlock Belize’s many mysteries and wonders for you!

Check their site here

9 Ways to be Slim

1. Cut the Carbs


You don’t need to totally omit anything with carbohydrate from your diet. You still need it for energy to do your daily activities. Look for food with less cars, like potato instead of rice, or Pine nut pasta instead of wheat pasta.



2. Snack the Soup

Eat soup that consists of a lot of veggies as a snack. A research by Pennsylvania State University proved that vegetable soups are more slimming than low-fat-snacks.



3. Friendly Fat

According to nutritionist Fiona Kirk, consuming unsaturated fat 20 minutes before eating your actual meal would make your brain think that you’re full and therefore cut your craving to eat more.



4. Spray the Oil

Use cooking oil spray to reduce the oil content in your meals. Olive oil cooking spray would be a great choice!



5. 24 hours Detox

Want a natural detox? Try to following Lemon Juice Diet’s author Theresa Cheung’s tips: Drink four glasses of lemonade each day. Make it yourself by mixing 2 teaspoons of fresh squeezed lemon juice, a little cayenne pepper, 300 ml drink water, and 2 teaspoons of apply syrup. Drink it 30 minutes before breakfast, 10 minutes before having ‘morning snack’, 10 minutes before ‘afternoon snack’, and 10 minutes before having dinner.



6. Go Green

Consume more green vegies and fruits. Besides rich of vitamins and enzymes, green veggies contents only 54 calories per portion.



7. Drink Prebiotic

Good bacteria are needed to maintain body’s immunity and digestive system. It is advised to drink prebiotic drinks and supplements that are available in your local supermarkets. It’s healthy and it doesn’t require any doctor’s prescr i ption.



8. Avoid artificial sweetener

We often seek for diet drinks and snacks with the ‘less sugar’ labels without realizing that they are actually using artificial sugar to keep the good taste. Artificial sweetener makes your body crave for the real sugar. It is better to consume real sugar with less portion.



9. Papaya

This fruit is known for its high digestive enzymes above all the other fruits. The enzyme contained by papaya helps to relieve bloated stomach and to secrete fat from your body.

Online Dating

Online Dating can be fun...Isn't it???? Many faces, races, cultures, likes, dislikes
etc.

At first, you will both invite each other to chat with cam and if things work out you meet then arrange marriage and that's it. A happy never ending love....There are many sites here that you could choose from .If you want to be so sure about your prospect date, take these reminders: (1) Don't give any amount of money for whatever reason, no matter it's for visa, passport or ticket...(2) Don't motivate him/her to talk about illicit matters..(3) Don't show any illicit image on cam..................Follow these very important advice and you will be getting the right partner that you are looking for.............So, what are you looking for?......Start searching now!!!!!

Acne-Prone Skin

Introduction
Acne is a very common skin disorder that happens to almost every one of us at some point of time. This apparently trivial thing may lead to serious troubles later if left unattended. Recurring acne may suggest a major disorder in bodily mechanisms. Timely care through easy treatment help restricting the acne. This article presents analysis of the acne formation process and suggests some simple home remedies.

Physiology of Skin
Skin is a physical barrier to the external environment. It is more than a layer separating us from the outside world. Skin is an important protective organ.

The skin consists of mainly two structural layers – Epidermis (outer layer) and Dermis (inner layer). The sebaceous gland situated under Dermis layer is primarily responsible for producing sebum (oil). Sebum acts as lubricant for hair and skin and also serves to repel external substances such as water molecules, damaging chemicals and microorganisms.

What is acne?
Acne is an inflammatory disorder of the skin resulting from an overactive sebaceous gland. It is marked by the eruption of pimples or pustules especially on the face.


Process of acne formation
Acne formation begins with excessive secretion of sebum that blocks the hair follicle, the passage that leads from the sebaceous gland to the surface of the skin. Normally sebum helps in removing the dead cells from the lining of the hair follicle and in carrying them to the outer skin surface.

However, if the amount of sebum secreted from sebaceous gland increases, it blocks the hair follicle thus making it difficult for dead cells to reach the skin surface. As a result, the dead cells get trapped. These dead cells combine with sebum and bacteria to form a plug in the follicle. When infection remains under the skin surface, it develops into white head. When the infection partly reaches the surface and changes color it develops into black head.

Cause of Acne
Many factors are responsible for producing acne. These can be categorized as follows:

1. External Factors: These mainly include pollution, direct exposure to sun over longer duration etc.

2. Internal Factors: include heredity, hormonal imbalances, stress, constipation etc.

Remedies
Prevention is better than cure. Acne, particularly the one, caused by internal factors as above can be easily prevented. The following habits can be helpful:

1. Drink 8~10 glasses of water daily

2. Eat plenty of fruits and leafy vegetables

3. Wash your face 2~3 times a day, but not more than that. Too much washing will aggravate the situation as excessive washing causes the body to produce more oil which makes the acne worse

4. To keep the acne under control, one needs to control both external as well as internal factors. External remedies, as mentioned below, along with internal nutritious diet lead to healthy skin.

The following external remedies are easy to prepare:

1. Prepare paste by mixing 3 tablespoons of honey and 1 teaspoon of cinnamon powder. Apply this paste on the affected area.

Cinnamon has got antibacterial properties. The oil in cinnamon is a type of phenol, which is anti-fungal and anti-bacterial.
2. Apply mixture of 1 teaspoon of lemon juice and one teaspoon of cinnamon powder.

Lemon is rich in fruit acids. The fresh lemon juice has capacity to remove dead skin cells gently.

3. Apply Nutmeg (Indian: Jaiphal) powder with un-boiled milk on the affected area.

Nutmeg has anti-oxidant and antiseptic properties.

4. Rub fresh garlic on and around affected area.

Garlic has antibiotic properties that help destroying the bacteria thus containing the growth of acne.

5. Make a paste of neem leaves with turmeric powder. Apply this paste on the affected area.

Neem has got antibacterial properties making it effective in controlling epidermal dysfunctions such as acne.

6. Apply fresh tomato pulp on the face.

Tomato is known to have anti-oxidants and contains vitamins A & C. Vitamin C in tomatoes can rejuvenate the dull skin and vitamin A is involved in formation of healthy skin.

7. Apply juice of raw papaya on affected area.

Papaya is rich in natural enzymes. It acts as natural cleansing agent.

8. Apply a paste of orange peel powder with water on affected area. Wash it off after 30 minutes with lukewarm water.

The citric acid in orange soothes and softens skin removing pore-clogging impurities.

9. Apply cucumber juice on the face.

Cucumber has hydrating and astringent properties.

10. Prepare a mixture of grated apple and lemon juice. Apply this mixture on your face.

Apple soaks up the extra oil and helps to close pores.

Philippines: Destination for Snorkeling

With 7,107 island and legions of coral reefs, the Philippines is a paradise for snorkeling enthusiasts. Sample this # 34,000 sq km of coral reefs, some of which have grown since the Ice Age, over 100 reef slopes, over 800 classes of corals, over a thousand species of marine life, over 400 fish species and over 500 fish families – isn’t this the most populous and diverse aquatic ecosystem you have ever heard of?

Go Snorkeling in Philippines. Snorkeling is a popular recreational activity, particularly at tropical resort destinations. The primary attraction of snorkeling is the opportunity to observe underwater life in a natural setting. And, no other place can be as fascinating as Philippines for snorkeling.

Baler alone holds at least five good snorkeling spots most of which are located in the southern portion. These reef areas are in the neighborhood of the Aniao Islets, Cemento Beach, Digisit Beach, Dimadimalangat Islet and the Lukso-Lukso Islets. One of the more challenging areas to snorkel is in Dicasalarin Bay. You will find various multi-colored corals and underwater life along the shore reef wall. The wall, very interestingly, is concave in shape due to the constant hitting of the waves. The official season for snorkeling is from March until June when the waves are the smallest.

The most popular snorkeling spots in Philippines are:

Moalboal in Cebu
Bacuit Bay and El Nido Northern Palawan
Puerto Galera in Mindoro
Miniloc Island in Northern Palawan
Taytay Bay in Northern Palawan

Why We Live as Long as We Do...

On the first day God created the cow. God said, "You must go to the field with the farmer all day long and suffer under the sun, have calves and give milk to support the farmer I will give you a life span of sixty years."

The cow said, "That's a kind of a tough life you want me to live for sixty years. Let me have twenty years and I'll give back the other forty."

And God agreed.

On the second day, God created the dog. God said, "Sit all day by the door of your house and bark at anyone who comes in or walks past. I will give you a life span of twenty years."

The dog said, "That's too long to be barking. Give me ten years and I'll give back the other ten."

So God agreed (sigh).

On the third day God created the monkey. God said, "Entertain people, do monkey tricks, make them laugh. I'll give you a twenty year life span."


The monkey said, "How boring, monkey tricks for twenty years? I don't think so. Dog gave you back ten, so that's what I'll do too, okay?"

And God agreed again.

On the fourth day God created man. God said, "Eat, sleep, play. Do nothing, just enjoy, enjoy. I'll give you twenty years."

Man said, "What? Only twenty years? No way! Tell you what, I'll take my twenty, and the forty cow gave back, and the ten dog gave back and the ten monkey gave back. That makes eighty, okay?"

"Okay," said God. "You've got a deal."

So this is why for the first twenty years we eat, sleep, play, enjoy, and do nothing;

for the next forty years we slave in the sun to support our family;

for the next ten years we do monkey tricks to entertain our grandchildren;

and for the last ten years we sit in front of the house and bark at everybody.

Five Tips to Beat Procrastination

Why do it today if you can do it tomorrow? Thinking like that is the beginning of the end when it comes to getting anything done — work or home chores. The key to being more productive at work is to stop procrastinating before it gets a foothold in your thinking process.

Why do you procrastinate? There are several reasons and some might surprise you. Fear of failure is one reason. No one wants to be make mistakes but they are a part of life and they do happen to everyone.

Fear of success is also a reason why you might procrastinate. Here is the rationale: If you succeed you will be expected to do so all the time. The pressure alone can stop your work.

Stress causes procrastination, too. It is easier to deal with a problem by hiding and pretending it will go away than meeting it head on. The problem is that the day you are ready to deal with it never comes.

Use the following tips to stop procrastination from hindering your work.

1. Make a list. Use dashes instead of numbers so the items on the list aren’t ranked in any particular order. Add deadlines so that you can prioritize the list. As you finish a task on the list, cross it off with a colorful pen. Every time you look at the list you will get a sense of accomplishment.

2. Set aside time for other tasks. All work and no play, as they say. Sometimes when you work, you’ll notice your mind thinking about taking a break and doing something else. We’ve all done it. Avoid those breaks in productivity by scheduling time to get away and take a break. Knowing that you will get a break makes you want to stay focused on your work until that time.

3. Don’t overload your schedule. If you have too much to do in a small span of time, procrastination will surely creep in. No one wants to slack off at work, but biting off only as much as you can chew is not the same thing. You are more productive when you can manage your tasks instead of drowning in them and missing all of your deadlines.

4. Find coping mechanisms. Stress can lead to procrastination. Deal with the stress before it affects your work. Learn breathing techniques; take an exercise class; chant a mantra. Whatever will relax you can also keep you working.

5. Stay organized. A desk piled with papers, folders, and sticky notes is not what you want to see every morning you walk into the office. Keep your desk neat and everything where you can find it when you need it. Organization stops you from abandoning the task at hand because of a misplaced file.

Procrastination is hard to beat because it comes from within us. Use the above tips to regain your level of productivity in the workplace.

Things you would like to say at a yard sale.

Here are a few thing to say when you get those question from the informed buyer. You can copy them for your next sale. They really give you a sale to remember. It also helps to keep the consumer informed.


* Does it work? And is a dollar the best you can do?

I can check it for you but there will be a 5.00 service charge. Does 5.50 sound reasonable?

* Does it come in a different color?

Why yes, I was at the mall the other day and saw it in red.

* This has a chip.

Let me see. You are right. How observant.

* You have these sales all the time?

No, I actually work for a living. This is just my hobby.

* If I buy both of these 10.00 items will you take 5.00?

Excuse me a moment while I laugh out loud. That is better. What was your question again?

* They are the wrong color.

I am sorry but I have a problem with prejudice people. Try to keep an open mind.

* You only have two of those.

Wow, you are well educated and can do math. I never was very good at math.

* It smells a little musty.

That is ok, I am sure if you don't stand too close to others they will not notice. I barely smelled you at all.


* How much is it worth?

More than you are willing to pay. I like you so I am giving you a real deal.

* Are you having a yard sale?

No, I am just airing out the house.

* Do you have anything in my size?

Let me grab the tape measure. Would you like it tailored also?

* These shoes are a little tight.

Are you sure it's the shoes?

* Do you live here?

Only if you want to call this living.

* Is that your cat?

No, it's a stray I intend to have for this evenings dinner. It has been a while since we could afford meat.

* Do you have anything I want?


Yes, but your wife would not approve. As for my husband, he is the kinky type. Do you swing both ways?

* Can I go inside and look around?

Not unless you have a gun pointed at me.

* I have been waiting for 5 minutes.

Oh I am sorry. I have been waiting for 60 years. Let me know if I can help.

* Will this fit me?

Are you a 3 or 6? No, I was not referring to your age.

* Do you have any scrap gold.

I don't have one scrap of gold. I would sell it but like the jewelry it is in hock right now. Looks like we will lose it too. Just last week we had to sell the neighbors kid.

* How old is this.

Lets see it was bought in 1923, that would make it older than me.

* You should paint that.

What color would you like? A blush pink is really in this year.

* Will it polish and look new?

Yes, just put a little hot sauce on it and it will shine brand new.

* Will the stain come out?

I am not sure but if you come back Monday I will have it back from the laundry.

* Do you have any more jewelry?

Yes, but it is in hock. That is why I am having this sale, we have hocked everything of value and need to pay the rent. The car is acting up and I hope we can have oatmeal next week.

* Why is this 10.00?

Is there a real reason for your being here?


* Will you clean this for me if I buy it?

Gladly. That will be 1.00 for the item and 10.00 for the cleaning. Pay the cashier and it will be ready Monday around 5.

* What does this part do?

Not much. Usually just lays around and collects dust.

* Will you hold my baby?

I am sorry I am not allowed around children. As a matter of fact you are breaking my parole by being here.

* "I can do nothing with my child", as the sweet darling drags down and stomps on every good piece on table while the loving parent watches.

Did you see the lady who just left? There was a reason for her leaving in such a hurry. I am sorry but times have been hard and I have been out of my medication for a few days now.

* Will this fit my bed?

I don't know but if you set up an appointment I will be right over and measure it for you. Do you have a cute husband? What time will he be home?

* This has a scratch.

Would you please not handle the items if you are going to damage them. You scratch it you buy it.

* This has a dent.

Yes, I hate to get rid of it. It really holds some precious memories. It was the piece with which I protected myself, when my husband came home drunk. God rest his soul.

* This is not priced is it free?

Why yes. I etched your name on the bottom just before you arrived. I will put it in my will for you.

* But you said it was 2.00 dollars.

I am sorry but I believe you have me confused with the sale down the street. Vitamin B-12 is real good help with memory loss.

* Will you hold this till I get paid?

Not unless it is in 2 minutes. I suffer from muscle loss and go into severe spasms.

Should be Posted in Every School

Bill Gates recently gave a speech at a High School about 11 things they did not and will not learn in school. He talks about how feel-good, politically correct teachings created a generation of kids with no concept of reality and how this concept set them up for failure in the real world.

Rule 1 : Life is not fair - get used to it!

Rule 2 : The world doesn't care about your
self-esteem. The world will expect you to accomplish something BEFORE you feel good about yourself.

Rule 3 : You will NOT make $60,000 a year right out of high school. You won't be a vice-president with a car phone until you earn both.

Rule 4 : If you think your teacher is tough, wait till you get a boss.

Rule 5 : Flipping burgers is not beneath your dignity. Your Grandparents had a different word for burger flipping: they called it opportunity.

Rule 6 : If you mess up, it's not your parents' fault , so don't whine about your mistakes, learn from them.

Rule 7 : Before you were born, your parents weren't as boring as they are now. They got that way from paying your bills, cleaning your clothes and listening to you talk about how cool you thought you were. So before you save the rain forest from the parasites of your parent's generation, try delousing the closet in your own room.

Rule 8 : Your school may have done away with winners and losers, but life HAS NOT. In some schools, they have abolished failing grades and they'll give you as MANY TIMES as you want to get the right answer. This doesn't bear the slightest resemblance to ANYTHING in real life.

Rule 9 : Life is not divided into semesters. You don't get summers off and very few employers are interested in helping you FIND YOURSELF. Do that on your own time.

Rule 10 : Television is NOT real life. In real life people actually have to leave the coffee shop and go to jobs.

Rule 11 : Be nice to nerds. Chances are you'll end up working for one.

Uses for Peroxide

Peroxide was invented during World War II to help army troops in their various needs. Nowadays, this same chemical can be bought in almost any drugstore for as low as one dollar! However, not everyone is familiar with the uses and benefits one can get from a cheap bottle of peroxide.

Below are some of the less known but definitely great ways to maximize that small bottle resting in your medicine cabinet!

1. Heal wounds and infections by soaking the affected area in peroxide from five to ten minutes. Do this several times a day for better and faster results.

2. Kill fungus on your feet by spraying a mixture (fifty percent peroxide and fifty percent water) of peroxide and water on them everyday. Don't wipe with cloth, just let it dry.

3. Rather than keeping your toothbrush in your bathroom cabinets, soak it in a cup of peroxide. This will kill bacteria and germs that may have accumulated due to residues from your teeth.

4. Use peroxide as mouthwash. Take one capful and gargle for about five to ten minutes. You'll be surprised to see whiter teeth and sore-less gums.

5. Following the same idea as with your toothbrush, peroxide can also be used as a spray cleaner for counter tops and tabletops. You may also put a small amount on a dishrag and wipe it on the surfaces to kill bacteria and germs.

6. Spray a 50/50 mixture of peroxide and water into your nostrils whenever you have colds or blocked sinus. Hold it for a few minutes and then blow your nose into a tissue. Peroxide kills the bacteria that cause colds, coughs, flu, and sinus infections.

7. Use peroxide as a pain-reliever! If you're suffering from toothache and the dentist is still several miles away, gargle peroxide for about ten minutes several times. This shall lessen the pain and give you ample time to get to the dentist without having to suffer more.

8. Half a bottle of peroxide mixed with your bath can cure mild and recurring skin infections such as rashes, boils and fungus

9. Use peroxide as a substitute for bleach. Apply a small amount on stains or mix with your laundry to whiten clothes.

10. Clean your mirrors with peroxide! You'll love the smudge and smear-free surface! Haven't tried it yet but probably make a fantastic jewelry cleaner.

How To Make Dryer Sheets

Like to use dryer sheets, but hate to pay for them? Then, make your own. It couldn't be easier.

Here's How:

1. Dip several wash clothes in fabric softener.
2. Then, ring them out, and allow them to dry.
3. Toss one in the dryer each time you have a load of laundry to dry.

Tips:

1. You should be able to use each dryer sheet a dozen times or more, before it needs to be dipped and dried again

2. Prefer to use a fabric softener that isn't chemical-based? Then, try Vinegar.

What You Need:

* Several old wash clothes
* Liquid fabric softener

Free Stain Removers

Forget about commercial stain removal sprays; you can treat your clothing stains just as effectively with items that you have at home – and at a fraction of the price. Here are several to consider:
1. Laundry Detergent

Detergent is the must-have item for clean clothes, but it can also be your must-have item for stain removal. Apply a bit of liquid laundry detergent to your stain, and rub it in with a brush. Then, toss the soiled garment into the wash with the rest of your clothing, and forget about it.

Like the convenience of commercial sprays? Just fill a bottle with laundry detergent, and you have the perfect replacement.

2. Baking Soda
No time to devote to scrubbing? No problem. Just add 1/2 cup of baking soda in with your detergent, and your clothes will come out cleaner.

3. Vinegar
Rescue that bottle of vinegar from your pantry, and put it to work in your laundry room. When mixed with equal parts water, vinegar is the perfect solution for soaking stained clothing.

4. Dish Soap
For tough food stains, give liquid dish soap a try. Squirt a bit on the spot you wish to treat, or soak the entire garment in soapy water for a few hours. Then, rinse out the soap, and wash as usual.

5. Water
With all of the cleaning products on the market, it's easy to overlook the simplest choice--water. Rinse or scrub out a stain with cool water as soon as it happens, and you're likely to find that's all the treatment you need.

Banana Blow Job Recipe

See the Video here

1/2 oz vodka
1/2 oz banana liqueur
1/2 oz cream


Mix the cream, banana liqueur and vodka into the shot glass. It has to be drank the same way as a traditional blow job, the glass on the floor and without the hands

Expectation Is The Poison

Expect, and there will be frustration. Don't expect, and there will be no frustration. Frustration is a byproduct: the more you expect, the more you create your own frustration. So frustration is not really the problem, it is the result. Expectation is the problem.


Everything we do, we do with expectations. If I love someone, an expectation enters without my even knowing it. I begin to expect love in return. I have not yet loved, I have not grown into love yet, but the expectation has come and now it will destroy the whole thing. Love creates more frustration than anything else in the world because, with love, you are in a utopia of expectation.

Expectation is the poison. That's why there is frustration; it has to be so. Realize the falsity, the poisonousness of the expecting mind. By and by, if you can become aware of it, the expectations will drop and there will be no frustration.

Love as a duty is dead

The more you expect love, the more difficult it will be for love to flow back to you. If you expect love from someone the other will feel it as bondage; it will be a duty for him, something which he has to do. And when love is a duty it cannot fulfill anyone because love as a duty is dead.


Love can only be play, not a duty. Love is freedom and duty is bondage, a heavy burden that one has to carry. And when you have to carry something, the beauty of it is lost. The freshness, the poetry, everything is lost, and the other will immediately feel that it is only something dead which has been given.

Getting The Best Help Desk Software

The best help desk software can spell the difference between profit and loss. Many small businesses use this product to cut costs and improve efficiency. You need not worry about data indexing, logging, assigning calls anymore. The program does it for you. You can also customize the software according to your needs. The right product will help streamline operations. The most common queries can be answered through automated process, leaving the staff free for other tasks.


Repetitive Tasks

An automated process can do wonders for tasks of a repetitive nature. While humans can get tired of the same task and start making mistakes, an automated program will do exactly what it is set to do. Once you put the system on the job, you can go and finish other tasks. This is one of the biggest benefits of the best help desk software.


Speed

When a customer wants a refund, you cannot afford to make her wait. If there is a query regarding a product, you need to reply immediately or the customer may go to your competitor. You may have a thousand jobs to do; you cannot find time to respond. Alternatively, you cannot afford the services of a call center. The best help desk software is like a call center staff by itself. It helps you sort data, go through call lists, send emails, escalate the email to the person concerned. In addition, all this is done in lesser time than the staff can do it.


Data Indexing

It is not easy to handle customer care data, in addition to all the other tasks you have. You need to keep track of who called, when, if a callback is needed, what was your response. In addition, you need to ensure that none of the calls are overlooked by chance. It is not easy to explain to customers your lack of response. The data tracking system of the best help desk software helps you trace data and keep track of the calls made.


Spam Blocker

Spam in your inbox can be a headache if you are running an organization. You cannot go through all the emails to select one when you have so much spam to deal with. If you choose the best help desk software, you will find that these have spam blockers. The program allows only genuine emails through. Then it sends off the appropriate response.


Installation

You need not spend a whole lot for the best help desk software. They are very economical, and easy to install. Most companies offer technical support during the installation process. If you do not want to spend a lot, and you have a small business, a free program found online can also help.

Getting the best help desk software is a start to efficient and better business operations.

Fashion Guide For Sexy Women Tights

Are you planning to wear only skirts this spring? But you can't dare to do so because you own a pair of oh-not-so-beautiful legs. Nothing to be worried about. Here are the solutions in the form of women tights exclusively for spring. They are colorful and joyous. They paint you in the colors of spring. They are efficient enough to flatter your legs if you find them not in proper shape and tanned enough. So make this spring funnier and lovelier with these women tights.

They are available in as many textures, colors, fabrics designs as you can think of, literally. So if you are in real need of some women clothing which blend style and comfort this spring, then nothing is more befitting than these women tights. Here are the hottest women tights exclusively for this spring 2009.

Designer Sheer Tights : These designer sheer tights are set to top the charts this spring. Whether you have long or short legs, whether beautiful or not, you can't resist yourself from grabbing a pair of sheer tights. After all, who dares to go with less decorated and bare legs if they can be made more beautiful. Sexier...in fact. They are the real attention seekers and capable of setting you in a right mood, very much suitable to this spring season. Designers such as Viktor Viktoria have designed one of the most recommendable women tights for this spring. Look out for Viktor Viktoria's sheer rhinestone seam tights or sheer back seam tights or sheer flame tights.

Printed Tights : The colorful prints on the t-shirts have crept down to these tights. To wear such women tights you require sheer guts. It might be unheard to you so far, but they are a reality. So choose a deep color skirt and a shoe along with a white shirt to bring maximum effect. Look out for a variety of printed tights. It can be either much famous floral or scenic. It might be full of latest geometric prints or raunchy flame prints too.

Red Opaque Tight : If you are really in no mood to forgive this spring and want to look dashing and sensuous then choose a fiery red opaque tight. Come out of your home pairing it with a checkered short skirt and a black ballet flat. Go for the kill this spring.

Fishnet Tights : It is not necessary to head for the dance stage only when you wear these fishnet tights. Women are wearing it frequently to roam around too. However, you should not wear it with short skirts. They make your legs overexposed and may make you look less dignified. Try to pair with a maroon or gray knee length skirt. Look out for the outstanding fishnet footless tights.

Footless Tights : If you want to keep bare the lower part of your legs then these footless tights are the right choice for you. They help you show the healthier ankles and the lower parts of the calves. They can be exciting with tunic tops or a t-shirt. You can have a variety of footless tights such as metallic, opaque, fishnet, diamond fishnet etc.

Laser Lipo Guide

Laser assisted liposuction is a procedure which provides a safer and more effective method from traditional Liposuction. Like Tumescent Liposuction it is also is much less expensive than the traditional type.

If you’re seeking a cutting-edge, highly effective method to significantly improve the safety and efficiency of the many Liposuction surgical techniques, then laser technology is definitely the technique you’ll want to consider. Routinely used in dental procedures, lasik eye surgery, reconstructive work and cosmetic procedures—including Liposuction—laser technology is what sets SmartLipo apart from its competition.

The word “laser” is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Precise and safe, today’s medical-grade lasers work by creating a powerful light beam that is adjusted to a specific frequency range.

Scary Snacks

These treats may seem harmless, but they could contain carcinogens.

1. Microwave popcorn. The butter flavor in microwave popcorn comes from a chemical called diacetyl, which may cause serious lung and respiratory problems if an individual is around too much of it. Although most people who have gotten sick due to diacetyl exposure have worked in popcorn factories, one man developed a lung disease called bronchiolitis obliterans after eating two bags of microwave popcorn a day. After public outcries and even pressure from members of Congress, most companies that manufacture microwave popcorn have stopped using diacetyl in the butter flavoring.


2. French fries. When fried, potatoes release a chemical called acrylamide, which is known to cause cancer in lab animals and is considered to be a probable human carcinogen by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). In addition to being found in French fries, acrylamide is often in other starchy foods like potato chips, cereal, and bread. Officials in California even considered putting warning labels on foods that may contain acrylamide. However, so far, the most conclusive links between cancer and acrylamide have only been found in rats, not in humans.

Lets play cooking. The flash cooking games have arrived.

These games are becoming a popular source of enjoyment and learning for kids. Many types of such games are available on the internet. Many are free of costThe online games are easy to play and free of charge.

There are games which show how to prepare the breakfast in a particular sequence so that the kids understand and can remember. Kids can learn how to make a cheese sandwich in an easy process that shows preparing slices of bread and then crating the cheese and sprinkling black pepper and salt to it. The kids can also help their parents in cooking meals if not preparing the meal.

If you wish to teach your kids something why not do it by the means of games since games are the best options to pour something into their growing minds. Some parents are worried that their children don’t eat some foods for example milk. They could easily make their kids drink or eat food items by the help of these games. The role of nutrients in the meal is very important and kids could be explained this by the means of games. These are so informative and suggestive that children can easily play, understand and then perform the same themselves. One can start cooking in the kitchen and the game on the computer simultaneously in order to give the child a practical idea of the game. Generally the girls are more interested in cooking and hence these are more popular among the girls. It is a fun filled activity that involves learning and repetition.

Several questions arise in the mind that how to find these games, or where to find them? These are easily accessible and free of charge.

Many people share their views and ideas about cooking including recipes for the convenience of others. Another doubt that keeps us confused is the language barrier. You can’t judge the fun involved in mountain climbing unless you climb the mountain yourself. So start playing and cooking.

Manny Pacquiao vs. Ricky Hatton

The tickets on the fight between Manny Pacquiao and Ricky Hatton on May 2, 2009 at MGM Grand Garden Arena, Las Vegas, Vegas, Nevada, USA is available at TicketTango.

TicketTango is your source for great concert, sports, and theatre tickets at low prices. Whether you're buying concert tickets for children's shows to enjoy with your whole family or taking your spouse to a Broadway show, theye have the tickets you're looking for at a reasonable price. They work with brokers from coast-to-coast to bring you the best tickets at a great price. They have a great selection of tickets at every price range, from the cheap seats to the front row. So whether you just want to get through the gate to see your favorite music group live or if you absolutely have to be close enough to see every facial expression, you'll find what you're looking for on on TicketTango site.

Dell Inspiron 518

The Dell Inspiron 518 is sleek, midpriced, and equipped with a quad-core processor. Just don't expect to upgrade it too extensively.

Specification Data:

Intel® Pentium® dual-core E5200 (2MB L2, 2.5GHz, 800FSB)
Genuine Windows Vista® Home Basic Service Pack 1
4GB Dual Channel DDR2 SDRAM at 800MHz (2 DIMM)
640GB Serial ATA Hard Drive (7200RPM) w/DataBurst Cache™
Dell S2009W 20" Widescreen LCD Monitor
16X DVD+/-RW Drive

Zithromax

Zithromax is an macrolide antibiotic related to erythromycin.It fights bacteria in the body.

Zithromax is used to treat many different types of infections caused by bacteria, such as respiratory infections, skin infections, ear infections, and sexually transmitted diseases.

In children, it is used to treat middle ear infection, pneumonia, tonsillitis, and strep throat.

Zithromax may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Does Your Blood Type Reveal Your Personality?

TYPE O

You want to be a leader, and when you see something you want, you keep striving until you achieve your goal. You are a trend-setter, loyal, passionate, and self-confident. Your weaknesses include vanity and jealously and a tendency to be too competitive.



TYPE A

You like harmony, peace and organization. You work well with others, and are sensitive, patient and affectionate. Among your weaknesses are stubbornness and an inability to relax.



TYPE B

You're a rugged individualist, who's straightforward and likes to do things your own way. Creative and flexible, you adapt easily to any situation. But your insistence on being independent can sometimes go too far and become a weakness.



TYPE AB

Cool and controlled, you're generally well liked and always put people at ease. You're a natural entertainer who's tactful and fair. But you're standoffish, blunt, and have difficulty making decisions.

Ways To Indirectly Get To The Top Of Search Engines

There are millions of web sites trying to get listed inv the top 20 spots of the major search engines. That amounts to a lot of competition! I say if you can't get listed at the top, indirectly get to the top.

How do you do this? Look up the top 20 web sites on the major search engines under the keywords and phrases people would find your web site. The key would be to then advertise on those web sites.

The most expensive way would be to buy ad space on those web sites. If you don't want to spend any money, you could use the ten strategies below.

These strategies may not apply to every web site.

1. Participate on their discussion boards. You could post questions, answer other peoples questions, and join in on conversations. Just include your signature file and link at the end of your messages.

2. Ask the web site owner if they would like a free ebook to giveaway to their visitors. You could have them link to your web site or include your ad in the free ebook.

3. Submit content to their web site. You could write articles for their web site and include your resource box and link at the end of the article. If they publish it, you'll indirectly be at the top of the search engines.

4. Write an excellent article review of their web site, products or services. Then publish the review on your web site. E-mail the web site owner and tell him or her about it. They may link to your web site so their visitors read it.

5. Ask the owner of the web site if they would want to trade advertising. If you don't get as much traffic as they do, you could throw in some extra incentives.

6. Propose a cross promotion deal with the web site. You both could promote each others products or services together in one package deal. This means a mention and link back to your web site.

7. Give the web site a testimonial for their product or service. Include a little text link for your web site with the testimonial. You never know; it could end up on their ad copy.

8. Post your advertisement on their free classified ad section on their web site. You want to be sure you have an attractive headline so they will read your ad.

9. Post your text link on their free-for-all links page. You want to go back and post your link regularly so it stays towards the top.

10. Sign their guest books. You could leave a short compliment about their web site on their guest book. Just include your signature file and link at the end of your message.

9 dead, Turkish airliner crashes at Turkish airliner crashes at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport

A Turkish Airlines passenger plane with 135 people aboard crashed in light fog while trying to land at Amsterdam's Schiphol airport on Wednesday, killing nine. Airport officials said the crashed aircraft was a Boeing 737-800, flight TK 1951 from Istanbul.The plane, on a flight from Istanbul, broke up when it hit the ground north of a runway at Schiphol, which is 20 km (12 miles) southwest of Amsterdam's center.

Flight 1951 had left Istanbul early Wednesday morning, bound for the Netherlands. The jet crashed on approach to Schiphol, one of Europe's busiest airports. Turkish officials identified the plane as a Boeing jet built in 2003(Boeing 737-800) and last inspected in December. The 737-800 is a new aircraft, the re-engineered and redesigned next generation of the original 737 which has for several decades been renowned as the workhorse of the skies.

DID YOU KNOW THAT:

European wines are named for the region where they come from and the names are Capitalized. (i.e. Champagne - comes from the champagne region of France.) The rest of the world names their wines for the grape that the wine is made from and the name is in lower- cased letters. (i.e. chardonnay grape). The exception to this rule is that wine named after people is Capitalized. (i.e. Cuvee William Deutz – a Champagne named for the founder of the house Deutz.

2. When serving cheap or inexpensive wines, keeping it cold and serving it with cheese will help mask the taste of the wine.

3. The components of wine: A wine grape is 75% pulp, 20% skin and 5% seeds. The pulp is the soft juicy center that is mostly water and sugar and a small amount of acid, minerals, pectin and a trace amount of vitamins. The sugar, when yeast is added to the pulp, turns into alcohol. The skin and seeds make the tannin. The aroma, flavor and color of the wine comes from the skin. A good wine will have an excellent balance of all components.

4. The riper the grape, the more sugar is present and the higher the alcohol content is present in the wine.

5. A high alcohol content will taste sweet and produce either a full round and supple taste or a thick and chewy taste. It may also produce a burning sensation in the nose and throat. In this case, adding a high level of acidity will balance the wine.

6. As grapes ripen, the acidity lessens. The trick to making a good wine, is knowing when to harvest the grape at the right balance of alcohol and acidity for the type of wine you are trying to produce.

7. A dry wine with not enough acidity will have a dull and flat taste.

8. A sweet wine with not enough acidity will have a flabby taste.

What is the cost of freedom?

Did you know that since the birth of America as we know it, America has been in over 100 wars/conflicts since 1776? It's true. A war or conflict of some sort every 2 years and 4 months. That is an average ofcourse. It would probably take me that long to gather all the information for every inncodent. I am just covering the major ones in this blog. I think it will be enough for it's intended purpose. The list is as follows.


The Revolutionary War lasted from 1775 to 1783. There were 217,000 who served, 6,188 wounded, 4,435 dead.

War of 1812 lasted from 1812 to 1815. There were 286,730 who served, 4,505 wounded, 2,600 dead.

The Mexican-American War lasted from 1846 to 1848. 78,718 served, 4,152 wounded, 1,733 dead.

The Civil War lasted from 1861-1865. These numbers represent both sides: 3,213,363 served, 354,805 wounded, 191,963 dead.

The Spanish-American War lasted one year, 1898. There were 306,760 served, 1,662 wounded, 385 dead.

World War 1 lasted from 1917 to 1918. There were 4,734,991 who served, 204,002 wounded, 53,402 dead.

World War 2 lasted from 1941 to 1945. There were 16,112,566 who served, 671,846 wounded, 291,557 dead.

The Korean War lasted from 1950 to 1953. There were 5,720,000 who served, 103,284 wounded, 33,741 dead.

The Vietnam War actually lasted from 1959 to 1975. There were 8,744,000 who served, 153,303 wounded, 47,424 dead.

The Persian War also lasted only one year 1991. There were 2,225,000 who served, 467 wounded, 147 dead.

The War on Terrorism has continued since 2001 and is still going on. The D.O.D. is rather vague on the exact numbers. This has been a standard in former wars. The best I could find was rather old information dating back to Aug, 2008. There has been an estimate of 1,000,000 serving, an estimated 30,920 wouded and an estimated 4,712 dead.

The grand total of American loss in 233 years is nothing short of horrifying and disgusting. 42,639,128 served/serving, 1,535,134 wounded, and 631,759 dead. Not to mention the other 89 wars/conflicts in between, and countless POW/MIA still missing.

So, with this information, I pose one question. What right does a person have to wear baggy pants, or spiked hair, or drink alcohol, or smoke, or practice religion? This question could go on and on. Yes, some might think it is disrespectful, silly, pathetic, disgusting, or even unwanted. However, What right do they have? Every right! Over 42 million people say they can.

The point is simply this: We all have our little quircks, we are all human beings. Perhaps we should start acting like it.

Let us thank and remember the ones that have served in the past, and thank and pray for the ones who are currently serving. Also pray for the ones that are still missing (you will never be forgotten).

Barbie and Ken

A man went to the store to buy a Barbie doll for his daughter. The father asked the salesman at the counter of the display for the prices of the different Barbie dolls. The salesman quoted him the different prices, Barbie goes to the beach $19.95, Barbie goes to the prom $19.95, Barbie goes to the ball $19.95 and the Divorced Barbie $395.00. The father jumped back and asked why the divorced Barbie was so much. The salesman explained that the divorced Barbie comes with Ken's home, Ken's furniture, Ken's boat and Ken's car.

Private

Why do the new people have their profiles set to Private? They can't get a lot of friend request like that. Someone needs to help them out. If your friend has a private profile, explain to them that they would get a lot more requests if they would change it.

COSPLAY Introduction

Cosplay (????, kosupure - pronounced coz-play) is Japanese term short for "costume play."

This is a Japanese sub-culture to act of dressing up in costume as favourite anime/manga characters. Those fans often make their costumes themselves. Cosplay is very popular and it is practised especially at anime conventions.

In Japan, cosplay as a hobby is usually an end unto itself. Like-minded people gather to see others' costumes, show off their own elaborate handmade creations, take lots of pictures, and possibly participate in best costume contests.

Cosplay competitions held at conventions (con) allow fans (known as 'cosplayers') dress up as their favourite characters, pose for pictures and win prizes. Hardcore fans can treat cosplay very seriously, sometimes spending months making their costumes. In Japan Cosplay Cafés - where the staff (and occasionally the visitors) dress up as anime and manga characters - are quite popular too, and many merchandise companies have twigged that making replica costumes and accessories for cosplayers is a useful source of extra income.

Cosplay can be seen at public events such as video game shows, as well as at dedicated cosplay parties at nightclubs or amusement parks. It is not unusual for Japanese teenagers to gather with like-minded friends in places like Tokyo's Harajuku district to engage in cosplay. Since 1998, Tokyo's Akihabara district has contained a large number of cosplay cafés, catering to devoted anime and cosplay fans. The waitresses at such cafés dress as game or anime characters; maid (or meido) costumes are particularly popular.

Possibly the single largest and most famous event attended by cosplayers is the semiannual doujinshi market, Comiket. This event, held in summer and winter, attracts hundreds of thousands of manga otaku and many thousands of cosplayers who congregate on the roof of the exhibition center, often in unbearably hot or cold conditions.

Cosplayers in Japan refer to themselves as reyazu; pronounced layers (by writing the word cosplayers in katakana, it is possible to shorten it in this way). Those who photograph players are called cameko, short for "Camera Kozo" or "Camera Boy". The cameko give prints of their photos to the players as gifts. Tensions between players and cameko have increased due to perceived stalker-like behaviour among some obsessive males who push female cosplayers to exchange personal email addresses or do private photo sessions. One result of this has been a tightening of restrictions on photography at events such as Comiket.

While Cosplay arguably originated in Japan, one should not be confused with the idea that Cosplay is considered typical behavior in Japan. While some do attend Cosplay functions that are held in districts such as Akihabara, most Japanese people find Cosplay to be rather silly. In addition, because Cosplay in Japan has adapted such a negative sexual connotation, many Japanese have come to feel that Cosplay is reprehensible. In addition, North Americans who Cosplay typically refer to themselves as "otaku", which is essentially the Japanese word for "geek", but wrongfully use this word in an attempt to embody themselves in a sociological group that they can be proud of. To contrast, in Japan actual otaku refuse to admit that they are otaku because the idea of otaku it is not looked at as a group of people who are engaging in activity that may seem "just a little different". In fact, being an otaku in Japan entails standing on one of the bottom rungs of the Japanese social ladder.

Google what an amazing search engine

What you depend on when searching some information on the net?
All of my friend close or not, say.. Google. And I think Its make sense. Google fast, Google relevant, Google simple not a bandwidth eater.

It has been more than 7 years I'm using Google search engine. Helping me on my daily job. Also helping me to show relevant result when I'm find any information that. I though I have been using Google in efective and efficient way. 5-6 days ago, my friend of mine show some advanced trick using Google. Hmm.. seem simple but... wow.. amazing... Give us more relevant result.

Here some example,
Case 1, Number range searching.Type IPod Price $50..100And Google will show you result all related link to IPod with price range between 50..100.

Case 2, Synonym searchType ~auto usedGuess what, the result page will show you second hand car, truck and other synonym of auto.

Case 3, Currency Exchange.Type 1 USD in IDRAnd again, Google will show you the exchange rate. This remembering me, last time, when I have a plan snowboarding to Canada. I need information about Canadian currency in my country. And what I do, I just simple type Thailand currency Indonesia, and still google show me relevant page. But I still need to click the link, goes to the web page that give currency information, input the currency and amount, then calculate.

A good search engine is Fast, give a relevant result also concern with bandwidth.Not all of country have a good internet link. In my contry, Internet connection quite expensive.Some using quota based, some using time based. In my case, I'm using quota based. With google advanced search, on my last case. How many kilo byte has been saved ? I think much enough.

So.. be smart, use Google more effective and efficient. And you will save, save expensive bandwidth and save your quota also.

Tax Collector: Pay your taxes here

Taxes support our road systems, infrastructure, education, law enforcement, and many other important public services. Note that at one time Jesus told the representatives to pay Caesar what is “due” to Caesar—not more and not less, but what is “due.” Franklin D. Roosevelt said, “Taxes, after all, are the dues that we pay for the privileges of membership in an organized society

1st And 2nd Mortgage Refinance Loan

Refinancing a first and second mortgage requires some extra considerations. Depending on your equity, you may find that combining the two mortgages results in a higher interest rate. You may also find that you have to carry PMI with the refinanced mortgage.

Will Refinancing Benefit You?

Refinancing two mortgages allows you to consolidate your loans into one payment, often lowering your monthly bill. You may also find lower rates under the right circumstances.

Those with a large amount of equity benefit most from consolidating loans since they qualify for the lowest rates. It is important to look at interest savings, not just monthly numbers which can be misleading.

However, if you have less than 25% equity, you may end up qualifying for higher rates. With less than 20% equity, you will also have to pay for private mortgage insurance. Even with these factors, you may still find that you will save money by refinancing.

Have You Done Your Research?

To see if refinancing makes sense for you, research mortgage lenders. You can quickly go online and request quotes and terms. Look at the different offers, and work out the numbers. An online mortgage calculator can help you figure out monthly payments and interest costs.

An easy way to compare cost is to first add up your interest payments for both mortgages. Use this number to compare interest payments with each potential mortgage.

You also need to factor in the cost of refinancing. Just like with your original mortgage, you will have to pay fees and points. You want to be sure that you can recoup these costs with your interest savings.

Why Do You Want To Refinance Both Mortgages?

While refinancing both mortgages is convenient, you may decide to refinance only one or both separately. With your main mortgage, you can expect to get low rates.

A second mortgage will usually qualify for higher rates, but you can lock them in. You may also choose to convert from a line of credit to an actual mortgage. Again, you will want to investigate financial packages before signing up with a lender.

Tips for Packing and Traveling Lite

In this day and age of traveling cephalalgia, there are a few packing tactics to employ. To cut out an extra thirty to forty minutes at the arriving airport, start with packing small luggage. Since carry-ons can not exceed a linear dimension of 45 inches, you can escape the fiasco of the baggage terminal by simply packing and traveling light. To learn how to pack all your needs into one suitcase, read more.

Use the following pithy packing tips to make your travel light:

Make a list. Compose a pack list. Be sure to coordinate shirts and blouses with bottoms. To maximize your traveling wardrobe fashion savoir faire, stick with solids and versatile basics. Rule-out any clothes that do not match other items.

Roll ‘em up please. The best way to fit all your clothes is by rolling pants and shirts. First fold each item in half. Then simply roll. To try to maintain any creases, start on the bulkiest end of the article of clothing.

Gear up. How to make an awe-inspiring impression out of a basic or mundane outfit? For the most glam appeal, accessorize with a vibrant tie (for him) or a florid scarf (for her). Multihued accessories can liven up just about any attire.

Minimize bulk. After you check for space, edit outfits – ruthlessly. Try to pack microfibers with wrinkle and stain free comfort. With most of your attire, stay in the same color scheme – in case you have to layer up for warmth.

Employ shoe smarts. For men, any leather rubber-soled shoes can make the day and night transition, easy. For woman, a pair of flip-flops, strappy sandals and comfy wedges can serve all casual – chic dressing needs.

Put under garments on the top. To reduce the embarrassment of under garments becoming the side show attraction of the open luggage scan, place all panties in a plastic bag free of any clippers, lighters or other questionable paraphernalia. For expedient security review, place the transparent bag on top of your other items so security can access the bag without ruining your efficient packing method.

Lose Extra Baggage. Leave the heavy travel guide at home. Duplicate important resources to keep your luggage free of extra pounds. Since most hotels and resorts provide irons and blow-dryers --leave yours at home for light travel.

Leave restricted items at home. If you want to make it through security extra fast, avoid any firearms, weapons, box-cutters, scissors, razors, lighters and any other item that may be used in a terrorist situation.

The World's Three Major Markets

There are a number of financial hubs in the world: New York, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Sydney,etc.

However, three of them clearly stand out as the major exchange centers: London, Tokyo, and New York. Each of these stands as a financial reference point for its part of the world.

But even among these “Big Three” their respective trading volumes differ considerably and, most importantly for us, London has by far the most active Forex market.

Let me throw some figures at you: the volume of Forex transactions processed during London trading hours is typically close to 30% of the world’s total daily volume (or about $580 billion US). New York does a little better than half that, with around 16%$330 billion US). And finally, Tokyo typically sees about 10% ($210 billion US).So if we’re trying to mimic the stock market’s Open Range Breakout strategy into Forex, we need a candidate currency that’s likely to be volatile early in the trading day.
Let’s enter the GBP (Great Britain Pound or Sterling Pound) into the equation.

Typically, this is by far the most volatile major currency. And its main crosses – GBPUSD, GBPJPY, GBPCHF, GBPAUD, GBPCAD and GBPNZD – will routinely pull out larger moves across the board than any other major currency. On any given day, all of the GBP major crosses will usual ly swing across a range of 150 pips and above. Luckily, we only need to be in position to grab a small portion of that range in order to make a healthy profit and grow our trading account.

Remember above, where I told you to bear in mind the differences in time zone and trading volume? This is where we exploit them. We’ve already got our high-volatility currency picked out: the GBP.

Now, beyond volatility, the Sterling Pound has two characteristics associated with trade volume that make it perfect for our system:

1. The Pound is traded at very low volume during the Tokyo session.
2. The Pound is traded at very high volume during the London hours. Indeed, not
surprisingly, it’s where most of the daily trading for this currency is concentrated.So on the one hand we have the volatile Pound contained within a fairly narrow range throughout the Tokyo trading day, but on the other, we have it springing to life as the world’s most active Forex trading market opens.

If you’re following so far, what we’ve got is a small, predetermined range (the Tokyo session), a high likelihood of a breakout move (during London session) and a high-volatility currency (the GBP). Does all that sound familiar? It’s the formula from the Open Range Breakout strategy we mentioned right at the beginning!
Butwith the London Forex Rush system, we have another advantage that other kinds of
Open Range Breakout traders don’t have: the Tokyo and London markets overlap for one
hour between 2 am and 3 am EST.

What that means, practically speaking, is that the London session can bee seen as a sort of “continuation” of the Tokyo session, but with wildly increased volume and volatility. The work of charting the “breakout range” the way the Open Range Breakout traders usually do in the first half hour has been done for us over the entire Tokyo session, so we’re ready to capitalize on the high volume and volatility of the London session’s passion for the Pound.

As the comparatively slow Tokyo session prepares to go to bed, the wild London one is just waking up. At that moment, around 3 am EST, there is significant market acceleration with thousands of transactions and trading orders going through.That market acceleration creates violent swings during the first two hours of the London
market, which continue until the trading frenzy calms down a little bit and things return to normality. We’re looking to leverage that momentum, using the information we have from the day’s trading in Tokyo.

The Open Range Breakout is a strategy borrowed from the intraday stock markets. It seeks to recognize a stock’s likely overall bias for the upcoming trading session by carefully watching for and monitoring its breakout from an early trading range established at the start of the session. The stock – or currency in our case – being tracked needs to be volatile to be useful for this purpose.
So…
1. The Sterling Pound is extremely volatile against other major currencies.
2. The London Forex market has the highest trading volume of all the major Forex
markets, while Tokyo has the lowest.
3. The Sterling pound is hardly traded at all during the Tokyo session, while it is indeed traded heavily during London’s.
4. The Tokyo market gives way to the London market between 2 and 3 am EST. At that
precise time, the Forex markets experiment a rapid acceleration. This factor, combined with the previous three, makes a momentum breakout of the GBP-crosses rather likely.

Those are the four core pillars upon which the London Forex Rush system is built. We will be looking to trade the most volatile currency crosses (meaning GBP-pairs), right as the market goes through its most dynamic, accelerating period (the London market’s first few hours), and we will be using the breakout from the range established during the Tokyo session as the trigger to our positions.

Ferrari recalls F430 Spider for defective convertible top

Yesterday Ferrari issued a recall for 1,950 of its 2005-2007 F430 Spiders involving the car's automatic convertible top, according to the NHTSA. The problem arose from the hydraulic hoses that operate the top, which could form hairline cracks due to heat from the engine. As a result, the hoses could leak fluid into the engine bay and possibly create smoke or even start a fire. To remedy the situation, Ferrari dealers will install an insulated heat shield that will protect the hoses from heat in the engine bay. Full details can be found in the NHTSA release after the jump.

Model Year(s):
FERRARI / F430

2005-2007

NHTSA CAMPAIGN ID Number:
09V048000

Summary:

FERRARI IS RECALLING 1,950 MY 2005-2007 F40 SPIDER VEHICLES. THE DEFECT INVOLVES THE HYDRAULIC HOSES FOR THE CONVERTIBLE TOP THAT ARE LOCATED INSIDE OF THE ENGINE COMPARTMENT. THE HEAT FROM THE ENGINE MAY CAUSE HAIR-LINE CRACKS TO FORM IN THE HOSES WHICH MAY RESULT IN FLUID LEAKAGE FROM THE CONVERTIBLE TOP HYDRAULIC SYSTEM.

Consequence:

THIS LEAKAGE IN TURN, WILL CAUSE THE CONVERTIBLE TOP WARNING LIGHT TO ILLUMINATE AND IF NOT REMEDIED, COULD ULTIMATELY LEAK FLUID INTO THE ENGINE COMPARTMENT CAUSING SMOKE AND A FIRE, RENDERING THE VEHICLE INOPERABLE AND POSSIBLY RESULTING IN A CRASH.

Remedy:

DEALERS WILL INSTALL PROTECTIVE HEAT SHIELDS OVER THE CONVERTIBLE TOP HYDRAULIC LINES TO INSULATE THEM FROM THE HEAT OF THE ENGINE COMPARTMENT. THIS SERVICE WILL BE PERFORMED FREE OF CHARGE. THE RECALL IS EXPECTED TO BEGIN DURING FEBRUARY 2009.

Top 10 Tips To Dating

I thought I would bring you the top 10 dating tips I have gathered along the way in the hope of assisting and enlightening those who need assistance. If you are new to the dating scene, a regular or just simply someone trying to meet someone new there should always be time for top dating tips, advice, information and things to consider. None of us are dating experts otherwise we would have a magic formula to present to others. And no, looks are not the magic formula otherwise all supermodels would be blissfully happy - which they are not my friend. Good looking people the world over struggle when it comes to affairs of the heart. Think of all the major figures in history who have fallen in matters of romance.

The truth is, there are no magic formulas, no perfect tricks of the trade, no cunning ways of trapping Mr. or Miss Right and no top dating tips that wave a magic wand. But there are some essential facts that you should always bear in mind along the way. Dating tips are just that - tips, they are not promises written in stone and different things will always work differently for different people. However, I have noticed that there are some threads of advice that keep cropping up and therefore it is worth reiterating my top 10 tips here.

My Top 10 Dating Tips

Get prepared for dating. If you really want to succeed in the dating game, decide who you are looking for, do your research and be ready to commit to dating. Half heartedness won't work. Also prepare for some let downs along the way but don't take dating too seriously either.

Get your act together. Begin a regime of looking your best. Join a gym, read health magazines, get fit and start a diet. Get your hair cut or styled and begin a new regime of good grooming or beauty treatment. Though it will not find you a date in itself, you will feel a million times more confident about yourself.

Go shopping and treat yourself to new clothes and even a whole new look. Get your image right, one that you can manage and live with, but one that flatters you. Don't go overboard and look like someone you are not but maybe its time to throw out those tired jeans, old sweaters or cardigans and spruce yourself up. People appreciate appearance.

Have a good think about what your dating goals are and timescales. Do you see yourself married within 2 years? If you do then approach dating accordingly. If you are more laid back and don't take dating too seriously then ask yourself some honest questions about why you are dating and what you hope to achieve. If it is purely sex then ask yourself if you are about to be honest with those you hope to date.

Sort out your confidence levels in advance. By following the first four tips you will feel better and be more focused. Do all the things that will boost your confidence from avoiding negative friends (often the married ones) to attending the right kind of social functions. Couples at dinner parties in suburbia is not necessarily where you need to be right now.

Choose those you have a good chance of dating, don't aim low but do aim realistically. In other words, your dating is based on the whole package you present as well as just your personality. If you are looking for a glamour girl or boy and want to date someone trendy and gorgeous then good for you, but be prepared and be realistic about your chances.

Work out in advance where in your neighborhood you are likely to meet people and join clubs, societies, sports events, drama groups, anything where you are likely to meet potential partners. The kind of partners you are looking for. I know its a cliché but you will not meet people by staying indoors.

Take time off from dating occasionally if its not going well or causing dating fatigue. Dating is an ongoing process and so recharging the batteries and keeping the confidence and optimism levels high is an absolute must. So date in phases if necessary.

Enjoy dating for what it is, dating. It is meeting people and socializing and spending time in the company of stimulating individuals who may or may not bring you a sparkle. The fact is, most people are interesting and whilst you may not be out there looking for new friends, you may well find one or two fabulous people along the way.

Never ever make yourself too available. People like mystery and enigma and the thrill of the chase when dating. In keeping with this do not sleep with your dates early on if you want them to progress, so keep sex until later. The longer a person is made to chase and fall for you within reason, the more likely that love may blossom. Peak too early and you have little left to offer and emotions may never have had the time to develop.

81st Annual Academy Awards (OSCAR)

Complete list of winners at the 81st annual Academy Awards, presented Sunday night at the Kodak Theatre in Los Angeles:

— Motion Picture: “Slumdog Millionaire.”

— Actor: Sean Penn, “Milk.”

— Actress: Kate Winslet, “The Reader.”

— Supporting Actor: Heath Ledger, “The Dark Knight.”

— Supporting Actress: Penelope Cruz, “Vicky Cristina Barcelona.”

— Director: Danny Boyle, “Slumdog Millionaire.”

— Foreign Film: “Departures,” Japan.

— Adapted Screenplay: Simon Beaufoy, “Slumdog Millionaire.”

— Original Screenplay: Dustin Lance Black, “Milk.”

— Animated Feature Film: “WALL-E.”

— Art Direction: “The Curious Case of Benjamin Button.”

— Cinematography: “Slumdog Millionaire.”

— Sound Mixing: “Slumdog Millionaire.”

— Sound Editing: “The Dark Knight.”

— Original Score: “Slumdog Millionaire,” A.R. Rahman.

— Original Song: “Jai Ho” from “Slumdog Millionaire,” A.R. Rahman and Gulzar.

— Costume: “The Duchess.”

— Documentary Feature: “Man on Wire.”

— Documentary (short subject): “Smile Pinki.”

— Film Editing: “Slumdog Millionaire.”

— Makeup: “The Curious Case of Benjamin Button.”

— Animated Short Film: “La Maison en Petits Cubes.”

— Live Action Short Film: “Spielzeugland (Toyland).”

— Visual Effects: “The Curious Case of Benjamin Button.”

81st Annual Academy Awards (OSCAR)

Complete list of winners at the 81st annual Academy Awards, presented Sunday night at the Kodak Theatre in Los Angeles:

— Motion Picture: “Slumdog Millionaire.”

— Actor: Sean Penn, “Milk.”

— Actress: Kate Winslet, “The Reader.”

— Supporting Actor: Heath Ledger, “The Dark Knight.”

— Supporting Actress: Penelope Cruz, “Vicky Cristina Barcelona.”

— Director: Danny Boyle, “Slumdog Millionaire.”

— Foreign Film: “Departures,” Japan.

— Adapted Screenplay: Simon Beaufoy, “Slumdog Millionaire.”

— Original Screenplay: Dustin Lance Black, “Milk.”

— Animated Feature Film: “WALL-E.”

— Art Direction: “The Curious Case of Benjamin Button.”

— Cinematography: “Slumdog Millionaire.”

— Sound Mixing: “Slumdog Millionaire.”

— Sound Editing: “The Dark Knight.”

— Original Score: “Slumdog Millionaire,” A.R. Rahman.

— Original Song: “Jai Ho” from “Slumdog Millionaire,” A.R. Rahman and Gulzar.

— Costume: “The Duchess.”

— Documentary Feature: “Man on Wire.”

— Documentary (short subject): “Smile Pinki.”

— Film Editing: “Slumdog Millionaire.”

— Makeup: “The Curious Case of Benjamin Button.”

— Animated Short Film: “La Maison en Petits Cubes.”

— Live Action Short Film: “Spielzeugland (Toyland).”

— Visual Effects: “The Curious Case of Benjamin Button.”

VTEC

VTEC is also an abbreviation for the verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli strain O157:H7.

VTEC (Variable Valve Timing and Electronic Lift Control) is a valvetrain system developed by Honda to improve the volumetric efficiency of a four-stroke internal combustion engine. This system uses two camshaft profiles and electronically selects between the profiles. It was invented by Honda R&D engineer Ikuo Kajitani.[1] It can be said that VTEC, the original Honda variable valve control system, originated from REV (Revolution-modulated valve control) introduced on the CBR400 in 1983 known as HYPER VTEC.[2] VTEC was the first system of its kind, though other variable valve timing and lift control systems have been produced by other manufacturers (MIVEC from Mitsubishi, VVTL-i from Toyota, VarioCam Plus from Porsche, VVL from Nissan, etc).Contents

Introduction to VTEC

The i-VTEC system found in the Acura RSX Type-S 2006 Civic Si's. The K20Z3 will be found in only these models in the U.S. market.

In the regular four-stroke automobile engine, the intake and exhaust valves are actuated by lobes on a camshaft. The shape of the lobes determines the timing, lift and duration of each valve. Timing refers to an angle measurement of when a valve is opened or closed with respect to the piston position (TDC or BDC). Lift refers to the distance the valve lifts off the valve seat. Duration refers to how many degrees of crankshaft revolution the valve is kept open. Due to the behavior of the working fluid (air and fuel mixture) before and after combustion, which have physical limitations on their flow, as well as their interaction with the ignition spark, the optimal valve timing, lift and duration settings under low RPM engine operations are very different from those under high RPM. Optimal low RPM valve timing, lift and duration settings would result in insufficient filling of the cylinder with fuel and air at high RPM, thus greatly limiting engine power output. Conversely, optimal high RPM valve timing, lift and duration settings would result in very rough low RPM operation and difficult idling. The ideal engine would have fully variable valve timing, lift and duration, in which the valves would always open at exactly the right point, lift high enough and stay open just the right amount of time for the engine speed in use.

VTEC was initially designed to increase the power output of an engine to 100 ps/liter or more while maintaining practicality for use in mass production vehicles. Some later variations of the system were designed solely to provide improvements in fuel efficiency, or increased power output as well as improved fuel efficiency.

In practice, a fully variable valve timing engine is difficult to design and implement. The opposite approach to variable timing is to produce a camshaft which is better suited to high RPM operation. This approach means that the vehicle will run very poorly at low RPM (where most automobiles spend much of their time) and much better at high RPM. VTEC is the result of an effort to marry high RPM performance with low RPM stability.

Additionally, Japan has a tax on engine displacement, requiring Japanese auto manufacturers to make higher-performing engines with lower displacement. In cars such as the Toyota Supra and Nissan 300ZX, this was accomplished with a turbocharger. In the case of the Mazda RX-7 and RX-8, a rotary engine was used. VTEC serves as yet another method to derive very high specific output from lower displacement motors.


DOHC VTEC

Honda's VTEC system is a simple method of endowing the engine with multiple camshaft profiles optimized for low and high RPM operations. Instead of one cam lobe actuating each valve, there are two: one optimized for low-RPM stability & fuel efficiency; the other designed to maximize high-RPM power output. Switching between the two cam lobes is controlled by the ECU which takes account of engine oil pressure, engine temperature, vehicle speed, engine speed and throttle position. Using these inputs, the ECU is programmed to switch from the low lift to the high lift cam lobes when the conditions mean that engine output will be improved. At the switch point a solenoid is actuated which allows oil pressure from a spool valve to operate a locking pin which binds the high RPM cam follower to the low rpm ones. From this point on, the poppet valve opens and closes according to the high-lift profile, which opens the valve further and for a longer time. The switch-over point is variable, between a minimum and maximum point, and is determined by engine load; the switch back from high to low rpm cams is set to occur at a lower engine speed than the up-switch, to avoid surging if the engine is asked to operate continuously at or around the switch-over point. The DOHC (Dual Over Head Cam) VTEC system has high and low lift cam lobe profiles only on the intake cams. The next generation of Honda motors (dubbed K series) have variable timing on both intake and exhaust cams.

The VTEC system was originally introduced as a DOHC system in the 1989 Honda Integra and Civic CRX SiR models sold in Japan and Europe, which used a 160 bhp (119 kW) variant of the B16A engine. The US market saw the first VTEC system with the introduction of the 1990 Acura NSX, which used a DOHC VTEC V6 with 270 hp (200 kW). DOHC VTEC engines soon appeared in other vehicles, such as the 1992 Acura Integra GS-R (B17A 1.7 liter engine). And later in the 1993 Honda Prelude VTEC (H22 2.2 liter engine) and Honda Del Sol VTEC (B16 1.6 liter engine). Honda has also continued to develop other varieties and today offers several varieties of VTEC: iVTEC, iVTEC Hybrid and VTEC in the NSX and some Japanese domestic market cars.


SOHC VTEC

As popularity and marketing value of the VTEC system grew, Honda applied the system to SOHC (Single Over Head Cam) engines, which shares a common camshaft for both intake and exhaust valves. The trade-off was that Honda's SOHC engines only benefitted from the VTEC mechanism on the intake valves. This is because VTEC requires a third center rocker arm and cam lobe (for each intake and exhaust side), and in the SOHC engine, the spark plugs are situated between the two exhaust rocker arms, leaving no room for the VTEC rocker arm. Additionally, the center lobe on the camshaft can only be utilized by either the intake or the exhaust, limiting the VTEC feature to one side.

However, beginning with the J37A4 3.7L SOHC V6 engine introduced on all 2009 Acura TL SH-AWD models, SOHC VTEC was incorporated for use with intake and exhaust valves. The intake and exhaust rocker shafts contain primary and secondary intake and exhaust rocker arms, respectively. The primary rocker arm contains the VTEC switching piston, while the secondary rocker arm contains the return spring. The term "primary" does not refer to which rocker arm forces the valve down during low-RPM engine operation. Rather, it refers to the rocker arm which contains the VTEC switching piston and receives oil from the rocker shaft.

The primary exhaust rocker arm contacts a low-profile camshaft lobe during low-RPM engine operation. Once VTEC engagement occurs, the oil pressure flowing from the exhaust rocker shaft into the primary exhaust rocker arm forces the VTEC switching piston into the secondary exhaust rocker arm, thus locking both exhaust rocker arms together. The high-profile camshaft lobe which normally contacts the secondary exhaust rocker arm alone during low-RPM engine operation is able to move both exhaust rocker arms together which are locked as a unit.

The secondary intake rocker arm contacts a low-profile camshaft lobe during low-RPM engine operation. Once VTEC engagement occurs, the oil pressure flowing from the intake rocker shaft into the primary intake rocker arm forces the VTEC switching piston into the secondary exhaust rocker arm, thus locking both intake rocker arms together. The high-profile camshaft lobe which normally contacts the primary intake rocker alone during low-RPM engine operation is able to move both intake rocker arms together which are locked as a unit.

The problem which plagued previous SOHC VTEC systems from incorporating VTEC for both the intake and exhaust valves has been resolved on the J37A4 by a novel design of the intake rocker arm. Each exhaust valve on the J37A4 corresponds to one primary and one secondary exhaust rocker arm. Therefore, there are a total of twelve primary exhaust rocker arms and twelve secondary exhaust rocker arms.

However, each secondary intake rocker arm is shaped similar to a "Y" which allows it to contact two intake valves at once. One primary intake rocker arm corresponds to each secondary intake rocker arm. As a result of this design, there are only six primary intake rocker arms and six secondary intake rocker arms.


SOHC VTEC-E

Honda's next version of VTEC, VTEC-E, was used in a slightly different way; instead of optimising performance at high RPM, it was used to increase efficiency at low RPM. At low RPM, one of the two intake valves is only allowed to open a very small amount, increasing the fuel/air atomization in the cylinder and thus allowing a leaner mixture to be used. As the engine's speed increases, both valves are needed to supply sufficient mixture. A sliding pin, which is pressured by oil, as in the regular VTEC, is used to connect both valves together and allows the full opening of the second valve.


DOHC VTEC-DI

Honda also had a demonstration engine back in end 1999 where a 1.4 liter DOHC Honda engine was equipped with a VTEC-DI system. This was Honda’s first demonstration of direct injection to the public. The engine was installed in a Honda Logo (the predecessor to the Honda Fit/Jazz) and made power and torque outputs of 107 hp (80 kW) at 6200 rpm and 133 Nm at 5000 rpm.[3]


3-Stage VTEC

Honda also introduced a 3-stage VTEC system in select markets, which combines the features of both SOHC VTEC and SOHC VTEC-E.

At low engine speeds, one intake valve is opened off an economy lift cam lobe, and the second valve is just cracked open a little to help promote better swirl in the combustion chamber. Used in conjunction with a 5-wire, wideband O2 sensor, great fuel ecomomy can be realized.

At medium engine speeds, both intake valves open off the economy cam lobe with equal lift allowing the engine to produce more power, but at the expense of economy.

At high engine speeds, both intake valves are actuated by a high lift cam lobe and produce much higher performance than at the medium speed range, but at an even greater expense of economy.

The 3-stage VTEC system was only offered in the Asian and European markets and not in the US market at all.

i-VTEC

i-VTEC (intelligent-VTEC)[4] introduced continuously variable camshaft phasing on the intake cam of DOHC VTEC engines. The technology first appeared on Honda's K-series four cylinder engine family in 2001 (2002 in the U.S.). Valve lift and duration are still limited to distinct low- and high-RPM profiles, but the intake camshaft is now capable of advancing between 25 and 50 degrees (depending upon engine configuration) during operation. Phase changes are implemented by a computer controlled, oil driven adjustable cam gear. Phasing is determined by a combination of engine load and rpm, ranging from fully retarded at idle to maximum advance at full throttle and low rpm. The effect is further optimization of torque output, especially at low and midrange RPM.

The K-Series motors have two different types of i-VTEC systems implemented. The first is for the performance motors like in the RSX Type S or the TSX and the other is for economy motors found in the CR-V or Accord. The performance i-VTEC system is basically the same as the DOHC VTEC system of the B16A's, both intake and exhaust have 3 cam lobes per cylinder. However the valvetrain has the added benefit of roller rockers and continuously variable intake cam timing. The economy i-VTEC is more like the SOHC VTEC-E in that the intake cam has only two lobes, one very small and one larger, as well as no VTEC on the exhaust cam. The two types of motor are easily distinguishable by the factory rated power output: the performance motors make around 200 hp (150 kW) or more in stock form and the economy motors do not make much more than 160 hp (120 kW) from the factory.

In 2004, Honda introduced an i-VTEC V6 (an update of the J-series), but in this case, i-VTEC had nothing to do with cam phasing. Instead, i-VTEC referred to Honda's cylinder deactivation technology which closes the valves on one bank of (3) cylinders during light load and low speed (below 80 km/h) operation. The technology was originally introduced to the US on the Honda Odyssey minivan, and can now be found on the Honda Accord Hybrid, the 2006 Honda Pilot, and the 2008 Honda Accord.

An additional version of i-VTEC was introduced on the 2006 Honda Civic's R-series four cylinder SOHC engines. This implementation uses the so-called "economy cams" on one of the two intake valves of each cylinder. The "economy cams" are designed to delay the closure of the intake valve they act upon, and are activated at low rpms and under light loads. When the "economy cams" are activated, one of the two intake valves in each cylinder closes well after the piston has started moving upwards in the compression stroke. That way, a part of the mixture that has entered the combustion chamber is forced out again, into the intake manifold. That way, the engine "emulates" a lower displacement than its actual one (its operation is also similar to an Atkinson cycle engine, with uneven compression and combustion strokes), which reduces fuel consumption and increases its efficiency. During the operation with the "economy cams", the (by-wire) throttle butterfly is kept fully open, in order to reduce pumping losses. According to Honda, this measure alone can reduce pumping losses by 16%. In higher rpms and under heavier loads, the engine switches back into its "normal cams", and it operates like a regular 4 stroke Otto cycle engine. This implementation of i-VTEC was initially introduced in the R18A1 engine found under the bonnet of the 8th generation Civic, with a displacement of 1.8 L and an output of 140PS. Recently, another variant was released, the 2.0 L R20A2 with an output of 150PS, which powers the EUDM version of the all-new CRV

With the continued introduction of vastly different i-VTEC systems, one may assume that the term is now a catch-all for creative valve control technologies from Honda.


i-VTEC

Honda’s i-VTEC I Engine is a variant of the K-series DOHC engine family featuring gasoline direct injection. It made its debut in the previous generation 2004 Honda Stream 7-seater MPV in Japan, but the current Stream does not use this engine anymore, instead using a 2.0 liter version of the R-series i-VTEC SOHC engine.

The engine featured the ability to use ultra-lean air-fuel mixtures of about 65:1, much leaner compared to the usual direct injection engine 40:1 ratio, and extremely lean compared to the stoichiometric air-fuel mixture of 14.7:1. As a result of this ultra-lean mixture fuel consumption dropped to 15 km per liter. Power ratings remain the same at about 155 horsepower (116 kW).[5]


Advanced VTEC

A September 25, 2006 press release announced the launch of the Advanced VTEC engine by Honda. The new engine combines continuously variable valve lift and timing control with the continuously variable phase control of VTC (Variable Timing Control). This new system permits optimum control over intake valve lift and phase in response to driving conditions, achieving improved charging efficiency for a significant increase in torque at all engine speeds. Under low to medium load levels, the valves are set for low lift and early closure to reduce pumping losses and improve fuel economy. In comparison to the 2.4L i-VTEC these advancements claim to increase fuel efficiency by 13%. Honda also claims that new engine also meets exhaust emission standards compliant with U.S. EPA - LEV2-ULEV regulations and Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport requirements for Low-Emission Vehicles, with emission levels 75% lower than those required by the 2005 standards. Advanced VTEC engines should go into production for 2009 models.[6][7]


VTEC in motorcycles

Apart from the Japanese market-only Honda CBR400F Super Four HYPER VTEC,[2] introduced in 1983, the first worldwide implementation of VTEC technology in a motorcycle occurred with the introduction of Honda's VFR800 sportbike in 2002. Similar to the SOHC VTEC-E style, one intake valve remains closed until a threshold of 7000 rpm is reached, then the second valve is opened by an oil-pressure actuated pin. The dwell of the valves remains unchanged, as in the automobile VTEC-E, and little extra power is produced but with a smoothing-out of the torque curve. Critics maintain that VTEC adds little to the VFR experience while increasing the engine's complexity. Drivability is a concern for some who are wary of the fact that the VTEC may activate in the middle of an aggressive corner, potentially upsetting the stability and throttle response of the motorcycle.